FRACTURE TOUGHNESS ASSESSMENT OF DEEP WELL ROCK USING CCNBD AND SCB TEST PROTOCOLS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v11i2.15Keywords:
fracture toughness, SCB, CCNBD, coring, deep well rockAbstract
Fracture mechanics is widely deployed in stone fracture modeling, digging with hydraulic, and dynamic fracture techniques for assessing the effects of rock fracture mechanical properties on different hydraulic fracture digging process. To get a better insight about the process, testing the actual rock samples can be extremely imperative. This study, indeed, attempts to evaluate the fracture toughness of actual rock samples using two different test protocols, i.e., Cracked Chevron Notched Brazilian Disc (CCNBD) and Semi-Circular Bend (SCB). The results indicate that similar behavior is observed for the samples under the two tests. However, due to the geometry, created a crack, and the loading conditions of the prepared samples, the fracture occurs for the SCB samples under a less needed force. The results also indicate that the SCB test samples yield more fracture toughness.
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References
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[23] Ghalesari A T, Rasouli H, Effect of Gravel Layer on the Behavior of Piled Raft Foundations. InAdvances in Soil Dynamics and Foundation Engineering, 2014, 373-382. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413425.038
[24] Aliha M R, Ayatollahi M R. Rock fracture toughness study using cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc specimen under pure modes I and II loading–A statistical approach. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2014, 69, 17-25.
[25] Saghafi M, Tabatabaee N, and Nazarian S, Performance Evaluation of Slurry Seals Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Journal of Transportation Research Record (TRR), 2019, in press, DOI: 10.1177/0361198118821908
[26] Chong K, Kuruppu M D, New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials. International Journal of Fracture, 1984, 26(2), 59-62.
[27] Lim I L, Johnston I W, Choi S K, Boland J N, Fracture testing of a soft rock with semi-circular specimens under three-point bending. Part 1—mode I. InInternational journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences & geomechanics, 1994, 185-197.
[28] Ameen M S, Smart B G, Somerville J M, Hammilton S, Naji N A, Predicting rock mechanical properties of carbonates from wireline logs (A case study: Arab-D reservoir, Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia), Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2009, 26(4), 430-44.
[29] Najibi A R, Ghafoori M, Lashkaripour G R, Asef M R. Empirical relations between strength and static and dynamic elastic properties of Asmari and Sarvak limestones, two main oil reservoirs in Iran. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2015, 126, 78-82.
[30] Perras M A, Diederichs M S, A review of the tensile strength of rock: concepts and testing. Geotechnical and geological engineering. 2014, 32(2), 525-46.
[2] Huh C, Wylie Jr P L, Shyeh J G J, Bailey J R, U.S. Patent No. 6,814,141. Washington, DC, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, 2004.
[3] Rashidi M, Heidar M, Azizyan G. Numerical Analysis and Monitoring of an Embankment Dam During Construction and First Impounding (Case Study: Siah Sang Dam). Scientia Iranica, 2018 Apr 1;25(2):505-16. DOI: 10.24200/SCI.2017.4181
[4] Rashidi M, Rasouli H. Initial Hypotheses for Modeling and Numerical Analysis of Rockfill and Earth Dams and Their Effects on the Results of the Analysis. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3974675
[5] Ellsworth WL. Injection-induced earthquakes. Science, 2013 Jul 12, 341(6142):1225942.
[6] Rice J R, A path independent integral and the approximate analysis of strain concentration by notches and cracks. Journal of applied mechanics, 1968 Jun 1;35(2):379-86.
[7] Rashidi M, Saghafi M, Takhtfiroozeh H. Genetic programming model for estimation of settlement in earth dams. International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2018 Nov 9:1-0. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386362.2018.1543100
[8] Wawersik W R, Fairhurst C, A study of brittle rock fracture in laboratory compression experiments. InInternational Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics, 1970.
[9] Bieniawski Z T, Mechanism of brittle fracture of rock: part I—theory of the fracture process. InInternational Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics, 1967, 4(4), 395-406.
[10] Notani M A, Moghadas Nejad F, Khodaii A, Hajikarimi P, Evaluating fatigue resistance of toner-modified asphalt binders using the linear amplitude sweep test. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2018, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2018.1474792
[11] Gui Y L, Bui H H, Kodikara J, Zhang Q B, Zhao J, Rabczuk T, Modelling the dynamic failure of brittle rocks using a hybrid continuum-discrete element method with a mixed-mode cohesive fracture model. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2016 Jan 1(87),146-55.
[12] Daghighi A M, Nahvi A, Effect of different additives on fatigue behaviour of asphalt mixtures. InConstruction Materials and Structures: Proceedings of First International Conference on Construction Materials and Structures, 2014, 601-607. doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-466-4-601
[13] George K P, Theory of brittle fracture applied to soil cement. J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng.;(United States), 1970, 96.
[14] Barari A, Ibsen L B, Taghavi Ghalesari A, Larsen K A, Embedment effects on vertical bearing capacity of offshore bucket foundations on cohesionless soil. International Journal of Geomechanics, 2016 Sep 30;17(4), 04016110. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000782
[15] Hoagland RG, Hahn GT, Rosenfield AR. Influence of microstructure on fracture propagation in rock. Rock Mechanics. 1993,5(2), 77-106.
[16] Wong T F. Anisotropic Poroelasticity in a Rock With Cracks, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2017, 122(10), 7739-53.
[17] King G E. Hydraulic fracturing 101: what every representative, environmentalist, regulator, reporter, investor, university researcher, neighbor and engineer should know about estimating frac risk and improving frac performance in unconventional gas and oil wells. InSPE hydraulic fracturing technology conference, 2012
[18] Taghavi Ghalesari A, Janalizadeh Choobbasti A, Numerical analysis of settlement and bearing behaviour of piled raft in Babol clay. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2018, 22(8), 978-1003. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2016.1229230
[19] Kuruppu M D, Obara Y, Ayatollahi M R, Chong K P, Funatsu T. ISRM-suggested method for determining the mode I static fracture toughness using semi-circular bend specimen. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 2014, 47(1), 267-74.
[20] Khan K, Al-Shayea N A, Effect of specimen geometry and testing method on mixed mode I–II fracture toughness of a limestone rock from Saudi Arabia. Rock mechanics and rock engineering, 2000, 33(3), 179-206.
[21] Chang S H, Lee C I, Jeon S, Measurement of rock fracture toughness under modes I and II and mixed-mode conditions by using disc-type specimens. Engineering geology. 2002, 66(1-2), 79-97.
[22] Dai F, Xia K, Zheng H, Wang Y X, Determination of dynamic rock mode-I fracture parameters using cracked chevron notched semi-circular bend specimen. Engineering fracture mechanics. 2011, 78(15), 2633-44.
[23] Ghalesari A T, Rasouli H, Effect of Gravel Layer on the Behavior of Piled Raft Foundations. InAdvances in Soil Dynamics and Foundation Engineering, 2014, 373-382. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413425.038
[24] Aliha M R, Ayatollahi M R. Rock fracture toughness study using cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc specimen under pure modes I and II loading–A statistical approach. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2014, 69, 17-25.
[25] Saghafi M, Tabatabaee N, and Nazarian S, Performance Evaluation of Slurry Seals Containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Journal of Transportation Research Record (TRR), 2019, in press, DOI: 10.1177/0361198118821908
[26] Chong K, Kuruppu M D, New specimen for fracture toughness determination for rock and other materials. International Journal of Fracture, 1984, 26(2), 59-62.
[27] Lim I L, Johnston I W, Choi S K, Boland J N, Fracture testing of a soft rock with semi-circular specimens under three-point bending. Part 1—mode I. InInternational journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences & geomechanics, 1994, 185-197.
[28] Ameen M S, Smart B G, Somerville J M, Hammilton S, Naji N A, Predicting rock mechanical properties of carbonates from wireline logs (A case study: Arab-D reservoir, Ghawar field, Saudi Arabia), Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2009, 26(4), 430-44.
[29] Najibi A R, Ghafoori M, Lashkaripour G R, Asef M R. Empirical relations between strength and static and dynamic elastic properties of Asmari and Sarvak limestones, two main oil reservoirs in Iran. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2015, 126, 78-82.
[30] Perras M A, Diederichs M S, A review of the tensile strength of rock: concepts and testing. Geotechnical and geological engineering. 2014, 32(2), 525-46.
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Published
2019-04-29
How to Cite
GHOMESHEH, P. K.; HOSSEINI, A.; FATHI, A. FRACTURE TOUGHNESS ASSESSMENT OF DEEP WELL ROCK USING CCNBD AND SCB TEST PROTOCOLS. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 2, p. 769–785, 2019. DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v11i2.15. Disponível em: https://jfas.info/index.php/JFAS/article/view/315. Acesso em: 30 jan. 2025.
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