A LOW-DOSE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PHYCOCYANIN ON THE TOXICITY OF DELTAMETHRIN TO VITAL ORGANS IN RATS: IN VIVO STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v12i1.11Keywords:
Pyrethroid; phycocyanin; hepatoprotective; nephroprotective; cardioprotective.Abstract
The study highlights the histopathological alterations of the liver, kidney and heart of female rats exposed to a low dose of deltamethrin (DLM), the potential hepatoprotective, nephroprotective and cardioprotective effects of phycocyanin.
Twenty-four (24) female Albino Wistar rats divided into four groups recognised as follows: Control rats received a standard diet (C). Group (PC) treated with a standard diet enriched with 3.6 ± 0.1 mg of phycocyanin per kg of granules. Group (DLM) treated with a standard diet combined with DLM in water at a concentration of 1.28 mg per kg body weight per day. The remaining group (DLM / PC) was processed by the combination of the DLM and PC scheme.
The toxicity of DLM was revealed by transaminase analysis and histological observation.
The association (DLM + PC) revealed a protective effect of phycocyanin as illustrated by the reduction of the concentration of serum AST and the important decrease of lesions in the tissues studied. Therefore, it shows that PC has a protective action against the toxic effects of DLM.
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[24] Patel A, Mishra S, Pawar R, Ghosh P.K. Purification and characterization of C-Phycocyaninfrom cyanobacterial species of marine and freshwater habitat. Protein Expression and Purification. 2005, 40: 248–255, doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2004.10.028.
[25] Vali Aftari R, Rezaei K, Mortazavi A, Reza Bandani A.THE OPTIMIZED CONCENTRATION AND PURITY OF SPIRULINAPLATENSIS C-PHYCOCYANIN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MICROWAVE-ASSISTED AND ULTRASOUND-ASSISTEDEXTRACTION METHODS. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2015, 39: 3080–3091, doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12573.
[26] Bennett A, Bogorad L.COMPLEMENTARY CHROMATIC ADAPTATIONIN A FILAMENTOUS BLUE-GREEN ALGA.THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGYVOLUME. 1973, 58: 419-435, doi: 10.1083/jcb.58.2.419.
[27] Zidani S, Benakmoum A, Ammouche A, Benali Y, Bouhadef A, Abbeddou S. Effect of dry tomato peel supplementation on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic markers in mice fed high-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diets. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2016, 40:164–171, doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.001.
[28] Aissaoui O, Amiali M, Bouzid N, Belkacemi K, Bitam A. Effect of Spirulina platensis ingestion on the abnormal biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the pancreas and liver of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY. 2017, 55(1):1304–1312, doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1300820.
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[30] DupuisC, Berthon J.Y, Larue J, Rougé S,Filaire M, Filaire E. Effects of 6 weeks of betaine or C-phycocyanin supplementation associated or not with wheel running on redox status. SCISPO. 2018, 33(1):47-55, doi: org/10.1016/j.scispo.2017.08.006.
[31] Fedekar Madkour F, ABDEL-DAIM M. M. Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Dunaliella salina in Paracetamol-induced Acute Toxicity in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2013, 75(6):642-648, doi: 10.4103/0250-474X.124747.
[32] Abdou R.H, Abdel-Daim M.M. Alpha-lipoic acid improves acute deltamethrin-induced toxicity in rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2014, 92(9):773-779, doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00859.x.
[33] KumarA, Sasmal D, Sharma N. Mechanism of deltamethrin induced thymicand splenic toxicity in mice and its protection by piperine and curcumin: in vivo study. DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY. 2017, 41(1):33-41, doi: org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1286352.
[34] Ncir M, Saoudi M, Sellami H, Rahmouni F, Lahyani A, Makni Ayadi F et al. In vitro and in vivo studies of Allium sativum extract against deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in rats brain and kidney. ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY. 2017, 124(3) : 207-217, doi: org/10.1080/13813455.2017.1376335.
[35] Abdel-Daim M. M, Abd Eldaim M. A, Mahmoud M. M. Trigonella foenum-graecum protection against deltamethrin-induced toxic effects on haematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters in rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2014, 92(8) : 679–685, doi: org/10.1139/cjpp-2014-0144.
[36] Oliveira J.M, Losano N.F, Condessa S.S, Pereira de Freitas R.M, Cardoso S.A, Freitas M.B et al. Exposure to deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and decreases of energy reserve in tissues of the Neotropical fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018, 148: 684–692, doi: org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.024.
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[2] Fernández-Rojas B, Hernández-Juárez J, Pedraza-ChaverriJ. Nutraceutical properties of phycocyanin. Journal of functional foods. 2014, 11: 375–392, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.10.011.
[3] UsharaniG, Saranraj P, Kanchana D.Spirulina Cultivation: A Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives., 2012, 3(6): 1327-1341
[4] Kuddus M, Singh P, Thomas G, Al-Hazimi A. Recent Developments in Production and Biotechnological Applications of C-Phycocyanin. BioMed Research International. 2013, 2013:1-9, doi: org/10.1155/2013/742859.
[5] Nuhu A. Spirulina (Arthrospira): An Important Source of Nutritional and Medicinal Compounds. Journal of Marine Biology. 2013, 2013:1-8, doi: org/10.1155/2013/325636.
[6] Liangqian J, Yujuan W, Qifeng Y, Guoxiang L, Huihui L, Yajing H, Bing L.Phycocyanin: A Potential Drug for Cancer Treatment. Journal of Cancer. 2017, 8(17): 3416-3429, doi: 10.7150/jca.21058.
[7] Kamble S. P, Gaikar R. B, Padalia R. B, Shinde K. D. Extraction and purification of C-phycocyanin from dry Spirulina powder and evaluating its antioxidant, anticoagulation and prevention of DNA damage activity. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 2013, 3 (08): 149-153, doi: 10.7324/JAPS.2013.3826.
[8] Ghaeni M, Roomiani L. Review for Application and Medicine Effects of Spirulina, Spirulina platensis Microalgae. Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies. 2016, 3(2):114-117, doi: 10.18178/joaat.3.2.114-117.
[9] Serban M. C, Sahebkar A, Dragan S, Stoichescu-Hogea G, Ursoniu S, Andrica F, Banach M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of Spirulina supplementation on plasma lipid concentrations. Clinical Nutrition. 2016, 35(4): 842-851, doi: org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.09.007.
[10] Fernández-Rojas B, Noel Medina-Campos O, Hernández-Pando R, Negrette-Guzmán M, Huerta-Yepez S, Pedraza-Chaverri J. C-Phycocyanin prevents cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress. Food Funct. 2014, 5(3):480-490, doi: 10.1039/C3FO60501A.
[11] MoraesC. C, Sala L, Cerveira G. P, Kalil S. J. c-phycocyanin extraction from spirulina platensis wet biomass. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2011, 28(1):45-49, doi: org/10.1590/S0104-66322011000100006.
[12] Saranraj P, Sivasakthi S.SPIRULINA PLATENSIS – FOOD FOR FUTURE: A REVIEW. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology., 2014, 4:26-33
[13] Abdel-Daim M, El-Bialy B. E, Abdel Rahman H. G, Radi A. M, Hefny H. A, Hassan A. M. Antagonistic effects of Spirulina platensis against sub-acute deltamethrin toxicity in mice: Biochemical and histopathological studies. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2016, 77: 79–85, doi: org/10.1016/j.biopha.2015.12.003.
[14] Desai K R, Moid N, Patel P B, Highland H N. Evaluation of Deltamethrin induced reproductive toxicity in male Swiss Albino mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction. 2016, 5(1): 24–30, doi: org/10.1016/j.apjr.2015.12.004.
[15] Abdelkhalek N. K. M, Ghazy E. W, Abdel-Daim M. M. Pharmacodynamic interaction of Spirulina platensis and deltamethrin in freshwater fish Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: impact on lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2014, 22(4): 3023-3031, doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3578-0.
[16] Chargui I, Grissa I, Bensassi F, Hrira M. Y, Haouem S, Haouas Z, Bencheikh H. Oxidative Stress, Biochemical and Histopathological Alterations in the Liver and Kidney of Female Rats Exposed to Low Doses of Deltamethrin (DM): A Molecular Assessment. Biomed Environ Sci. 2012, 25(6): 672-683, doi: 10.3967/0895_3988.2012.06.009.
[17] Dubey N, Khan A. M, Raina R. Sub-acute Deltamethrin and Fluoride Toxicity Induced Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Biochemical Alterations in Rats. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013, 91(3): 334-338, doi: 10.1007/s00128-013-1052-1.
[18] Mehlhorn H, Schumacher B, Jatzlau A, Abdel-Ghaffar F, Al-Rasheid K. A. S, Klimpel S, Pohle H. Efficacy of deltamethrin (Butox® 7.5 pour on) against nymphs and adults of ticks (Ixodes ricinus,Rhipicephalus sanguineus) in treated hair of cattle and sheep. Parasitol Res. 2011, 108: 963–971, doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-2141-2.
[19] Abdel-Daim M. M, El-Ghoneimy A. Synergistic protective effects of ceftriaxone and ascorbic acid againstsubacute deltamethrin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.Ren Fail. 2015, 37(2): 297–304, doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2014.983017.
[20] Chandra N, Jain N. K, Sondhia S, Srivastava A. B. Deltamethrin Induced Toxicity and Ameliorative Effect of Alpha-Tocopherol in Broilers. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013, 90:673–678, doi: 10.1007/s00128-013-0981-z.
[21] De la Cerda E, Navarro-Polanco R. A, Sánchez-Chapula J. A. Modulation of Cardiac Action Potential and Underlying Ionic Currents by the Pyrethroid Insecticide Deltamethrin. Archives of Medical Research. 2002, 33: 448–454, doi: org/10.1016/S0188-4409(02)00389-2.
[22] Rehman H, Mohan A, Tabassum H, Ahmad F, Rahman S, Parvez S, Raisuddin S.Deltamethrin Increases Candida albicans Infection Susceptibility in Mice. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. 2011, 73: 459–464, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02521.x.
[23] Abdel-Daim M. M, Abuzead S. M. M, Halawa S. M.Protective Role of Spirulina platensis against Acute Deltamethrin-Induced Toxicity in Rats. PLOS ONE. 2013, 8:1-7, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072991.
[24] Patel A, Mishra S, Pawar R, Ghosh P.K. Purification and characterization of C-Phycocyaninfrom cyanobacterial species of marine and freshwater habitat. Protein Expression and Purification. 2005, 40: 248–255, doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2004.10.028.
[25] Vali Aftari R, Rezaei K, Mortazavi A, Reza Bandani A.THE OPTIMIZED CONCENTRATION AND PURITY OF SPIRULINAPLATENSIS C-PHYCOCYANIN: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MICROWAVE-ASSISTED AND ULTRASOUND-ASSISTEDEXTRACTION METHODS. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 2015, 39: 3080–3091, doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12573.
[26] Bennett A, Bogorad L.COMPLEMENTARY CHROMATIC ADAPTATIONIN A FILAMENTOUS BLUE-GREEN ALGA.THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGYVOLUME. 1973, 58: 419-435, doi: 10.1083/jcb.58.2.419.
[27] Zidani S, Benakmoum A, Ammouche A, Benali Y, Bouhadef A, Abbeddou S. Effect of dry tomato peel supplementation on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic markers in mice fed high-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diets. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2016, 40:164–171, doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.11.001.
[28] Aissaoui O, Amiali M, Bouzid N, Belkacemi K, Bitam A. Effect of Spirulina platensis ingestion on the abnormal biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the pancreas and liver of alloxan-induced diabetic rats.PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY. 2017, 55(1):1304–1312, doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1300820.
[29] Sun Y. FREE RADICALS, ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES, AND CARCINOGENESIS. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 1990, 8: 583-599, doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(90)90156-d.
[30] DupuisC, Berthon J.Y, Larue J, Rougé S,Filaire M, Filaire E. Effects of 6 weeks of betaine or C-phycocyanin supplementation associated or not with wheel running on redox status. SCISPO. 2018, 33(1):47-55, doi: org/10.1016/j.scispo.2017.08.006.
[31] Fedekar Madkour F, ABDEL-DAIM M. M. Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Dunaliella salina in Paracetamol-induced Acute Toxicity in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2013, 75(6):642-648, doi: 10.4103/0250-474X.124747.
[32] Abdou R.H, Abdel-Daim M.M. Alpha-lipoic acid improves acute deltamethrin-induced toxicity in rats. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2014, 92(9):773-779, doi: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.00859.x.
[33] KumarA, Sasmal D, Sharma N. Mechanism of deltamethrin induced thymicand splenic toxicity in mice and its protection by piperine and curcumin: in vivo study. DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY. 2017, 41(1):33-41, doi: org/10.1080/01480545.2017.1286352.
[34] Ncir M, Saoudi M, Sellami H, Rahmouni F, Lahyani A, Makni Ayadi F et al. In vitro and in vivo studies of Allium sativum extract against deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress in rats brain and kidney. ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY. 2017, 124(3) : 207-217, doi: org/10.1080/13813455.2017.1376335.
[35] Abdel-Daim M. M, Abd Eldaim M. A, Mahmoud M. M. Trigonella foenum-graecum protection against deltamethrin-induced toxic effects on haematological, biochemical, and oxidative stress parameters in rats. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2014, 92(8) : 679–685, doi: org/10.1139/cjpp-2014-0144.
[36] Oliveira J.M, Losano N.F, Condessa S.S, Pereira de Freitas R.M, Cardoso S.A, Freitas M.B et al. Exposure to deltamethrin induces oxidative stress and decreases of energy reserve in tissues of the Neotropical fruit-eating bat Artibeus lituratus. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2018, 148: 684–692, doi: org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.11.024.
[37] Azab S. S, Abdel-Daim M, Eldahshan O.A. Phytochemical, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties of Delonix regia leaves extract. Med Chem Res. 2013, 22: 4269–4277 in Abdel-Daim M. M, Abuzead S. M. M, Halawa S. M.Protective Role of Spirulina platensis against Acute Deltamethrin-Induced Toxicity in Rats. PLOS ONE. 2013, 8:1-7, doi: 10.1007/s00044-012-0420-4.
[38] Reddy C. M, Bhat V. B, Kiranmai G, Narsa Reddy M, Reddanna P, Madyastha K. M. Selective Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2 by C-Phycocyanin, a Biliprotein from Spirulina platensis. BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS. 2000, 277(3): 599–603, doi: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3725.
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2019-12-19
How to Cite
BOUZAR, A. C.; BENALI, Y.; BITAM, A. A LOW-DOSE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PHYCOCYANIN ON THE TOXICITY OF DELTAMETHRIN TO VITAL ORGANS IN RATS: IN VIVO STUDY. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. 149–166, 2019. DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v12i1.11. Disponível em: https://jfas.info/index.php/JFAS/article/view/655. Acesso em: 30 jan. 2025.
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