EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HYGROTHERMAL BEHAVIOR OF DIRECT GREEN FACADES UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v12i1.15Keywords:
green façades; hygrothermal comfort; semi-arid climate; investigation.Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the hygrothermal behavior of direct green facades and assess their efficiency under semi-arid climate. For that purpose, a comparative study was conducted in three buildings; two buildings with direct green façades (covered with deciduous climbing plants) and one with a bare façade. Air and surface temperature, relative humidity and wind speed were collected in situ and several factors were taken into consideration as thickness and density of plant cover. The analysis of measurement data revealed that direct green façades contribute to improve the outdoor and indoor thermal environment of buildings due to the effect of shading and evapotranspiration. Moreover, the different types of green façades illustrated their different heat impact on the thermal environment of buildings depending on the density and thickness of the plant layer and the covering ratio.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
[1] APRUE (Agence Nationale pour la Promotion et la Rationalisation de l’Utilisation de l’Energie). 2ème séminaire sur l’efficacité énergétique dans le secteur du bâtiment en Algérie. 25 avril., 2017
[2] Alexandri E, and Jones P. Temperature decreases in an urban canyon due to green walls and green roofs in diverse climates. Building and Environment., 2008, 43 : 480–493.
[3] Ip K, Lam M and Miller A. Shading performance of a vertical deciduous climbing plant canopy. Building and Environment., 2009, 45: 81-88
[4] Eumorfopoulou EA and Kontoleon KJ. Experimental approach to the contribution of plant-covered walls to the thermal behaviour of building envelopes. Building and Environment., 2009, 44: 1024–1038
[5] Manso M, Castro-Gomes J. Green wall systems: A review of their characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews., 2015, 41: pp. 863–871.
[6] Djedjig R, Bozonnet E and Belarbi R. Modelling green wall interactions with street canyons for building energy simulation in urban context. Urban Climate., 2016, 16: 75–85.
[7] Bass B and Baskaran B. Evaluating Rooftop and Vertical Gardens as an Adaptation Strategy for Urban Areas. Final CCAF impacts and adaptation progress report, NRCC-46737., 2001.
[8] Šuklje T; Medved S. Bionic façade inspired by vertical greenery systems. Conference: Central Europe towards Sustainable Building (CESB)., 2013.
[9] Cheng CY, Cheung Ken KS and Chu LM., 2010.- Thermal performance of a vegetated cladding system on facade walls. Building and Environment, 45: 1779-1787.
[10] Köhler M. Green facades-A view back and some visions. Urban Ecosystems., 2008, 11: 423–436.
[11] Sulaiman MKAM., Jamil M., Zain MFM., Kuttler W and Shahidan MF. Thermal evaluation of green façade on opaque wall. The International Conference on Engineering and Built Environment (ICEBE). University of Kebangsaan Malaysia., 2013.
[12] Stec WJ, Van Paassen AHC and Maziarz A. Modeling the double skin facade with plants. Energy and Buildings., 2005, 37: 419–427.
[13] Cameron RWF, Taylor JE and Emmett MR. What’s “cool” in the world of green façades? How plant choice influences the cooling properties of green walls. Building and Environment., 2014, 73: 198-207.
[14] Perini K, Marc Ottelé ALA, Fraaij Haas EM and Rossana R. Vertical greening systems and the effect on air flow and temperature on the building envelope. Building and Environment.; 2011, 46: 2287-2294.
[15] Wong NH, Tan AYK, Chen Y, Sekar K, Tan PY and Chan D. Thermal evaluation of vertical greenery systems for building walls, Building and Environment., 2010, 45: 663–672.
[16] Djedjig R, Bozonnet E and Belarbi R. Analysis of thermal effects of vegetated envelopes: Integration of a validated model in a building energy simulation program. Energy and Building., 2015, 86: 93–103.
[17] Dunnett N and Kingsbury N. Planting Green Roofs and Living Walls. Timber Press, 2008.
[18] Johnston J and Newton J. Building Green: a guide to using plants on roofs, walls and pavements. The London Ecology Unit, 1992.
[19] Wong NH, Tan AY, Tan, PY and Wong NC. Energy simulation of vertical greenery systems. Energy and Buildings., 2009, 41 : 1401–1408.
[20] Haggag M, Hassan A and Elmasry S. Experimental study on reduced heat gain through green facades in a high heat load climate. Energy and Buildings., 2014, 82: 668–674.
[21] Yan H, Ong B and Lim GT., 2001.- A preliminary investigation into the thermal environment of a planted wall in Singapore. The 18th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Florianopolis, Brazil. November, 7-9: 791-796.
[22] Peck SW, Callaghan C, Bass B and Kuhn ME. Research report: greenbacks from green roofs: forging a new industry in Canada, Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). Ottawa, Canada, 1999.
[23] Di HF and Wang DN. Cooling effect of ivy on a wall. Experimental Heat Transfer. A journal of Thermal Energy Generation, Transport, Storage, and Conversion., 1999, 12(3): 235-345. Tsinghua University, Chine.
[24] Qian ZM. An Investigation to the Cooling and Moisturizing Effects of Creepers on the Surrounding Area, Researches on the Green Effects. Chinese Environmental Science Press. Beijing, 1995.
[25] Zaiyi L and Niu JL. Study on thermal function of ivy-covered walls. Dept of building services engineering, Hong Kong, 2000.
[26] Olivieri F, Olivieri L and Neila J. Experimental study of the thermal-energy performance of an insulated vegetal façade under summer conditions in a continental Mediterranean climate. Building and Environment., 2014, 77: 61-76.
[27] Pérez G, Rincón L, Vila A., González JM and Cabeza LF. Behaviour of green facades in Mediterranean Continental climate. Energy Conversion and Management., 2010, 52: 1861–1867.
[28] Yin H, Kong F, Middel A, Dronova I, Xu H and James P. Cooling effect of direct green façades during hot summer days: an observational study in Nanjing, China using TIR and 3DPC data. Building and Environment., 2017, 116: 195-206.
[29] Sunakorn P and Yimprayoon C. Thermal performance of biofacade with natural ventilation in the tropical climate. International Conference on Green Buildings and Sustainable Cities Procedia Engineering., 2011, Vol 34–41.
[30] Hoi M, Lam Y, Ip K and Miller A. Thermal shading effect of climbing plants on glazed facades. The World Sustainable Building Conference, Tokyo. September 27-29, 2005.
[31] Akbari H. Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants. Environmental Pollution., 2002, 116 : 119–126.
[32] Palmeri L, Barausse A and Jorgensen SE. Ecological Processes Handbook. CRC Press, 2017
[2] Alexandri E, and Jones P. Temperature decreases in an urban canyon due to green walls and green roofs in diverse climates. Building and Environment., 2008, 43 : 480–493.
[3] Ip K, Lam M and Miller A. Shading performance of a vertical deciduous climbing plant canopy. Building and Environment., 2009, 45: 81-88
[4] Eumorfopoulou EA and Kontoleon KJ. Experimental approach to the contribution of plant-covered walls to the thermal behaviour of building envelopes. Building and Environment., 2009, 44: 1024–1038
[5] Manso M, Castro-Gomes J. Green wall systems: A review of their characteristics. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews., 2015, 41: pp. 863–871.
[6] Djedjig R, Bozonnet E and Belarbi R. Modelling green wall interactions with street canyons for building energy simulation in urban context. Urban Climate., 2016, 16: 75–85.
[7] Bass B and Baskaran B. Evaluating Rooftop and Vertical Gardens as an Adaptation Strategy for Urban Areas. Final CCAF impacts and adaptation progress report, NRCC-46737., 2001.
[8] Šuklje T; Medved S. Bionic façade inspired by vertical greenery systems. Conference: Central Europe towards Sustainable Building (CESB)., 2013.
[9] Cheng CY, Cheung Ken KS and Chu LM., 2010.- Thermal performance of a vegetated cladding system on facade walls. Building and Environment, 45: 1779-1787.
[10] Köhler M. Green facades-A view back and some visions. Urban Ecosystems., 2008, 11: 423–436.
[11] Sulaiman MKAM., Jamil M., Zain MFM., Kuttler W and Shahidan MF. Thermal evaluation of green façade on opaque wall. The International Conference on Engineering and Built Environment (ICEBE). University of Kebangsaan Malaysia., 2013.
[12] Stec WJ, Van Paassen AHC and Maziarz A. Modeling the double skin facade with plants. Energy and Buildings., 2005, 37: 419–427.
[13] Cameron RWF, Taylor JE and Emmett MR. What’s “cool” in the world of green façades? How plant choice influences the cooling properties of green walls. Building and Environment., 2014, 73: 198-207.
[14] Perini K, Marc Ottelé ALA, Fraaij Haas EM and Rossana R. Vertical greening systems and the effect on air flow and temperature on the building envelope. Building and Environment.; 2011, 46: 2287-2294.
[15] Wong NH, Tan AYK, Chen Y, Sekar K, Tan PY and Chan D. Thermal evaluation of vertical greenery systems for building walls, Building and Environment., 2010, 45: 663–672.
[16] Djedjig R, Bozonnet E and Belarbi R. Analysis of thermal effects of vegetated envelopes: Integration of a validated model in a building energy simulation program. Energy and Building., 2015, 86: 93–103.
[17] Dunnett N and Kingsbury N. Planting Green Roofs and Living Walls. Timber Press, 2008.
[18] Johnston J and Newton J. Building Green: a guide to using plants on roofs, walls and pavements. The London Ecology Unit, 1992.
[19] Wong NH, Tan AY, Tan, PY and Wong NC. Energy simulation of vertical greenery systems. Energy and Buildings., 2009, 41 : 1401–1408.
[20] Haggag M, Hassan A and Elmasry S. Experimental study on reduced heat gain through green facades in a high heat load climate. Energy and Buildings., 2014, 82: 668–674.
[21] Yan H, Ong B and Lim GT., 2001.- A preliminary investigation into the thermal environment of a planted wall in Singapore. The 18th International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Florianopolis, Brazil. November, 7-9: 791-796.
[22] Peck SW, Callaghan C, Bass B and Kuhn ME. Research report: greenbacks from green roofs: forging a new industry in Canada, Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC). Ottawa, Canada, 1999.
[23] Di HF and Wang DN. Cooling effect of ivy on a wall. Experimental Heat Transfer. A journal of Thermal Energy Generation, Transport, Storage, and Conversion., 1999, 12(3): 235-345. Tsinghua University, Chine.
[24] Qian ZM. An Investigation to the Cooling and Moisturizing Effects of Creepers on the Surrounding Area, Researches on the Green Effects. Chinese Environmental Science Press. Beijing, 1995.
[25] Zaiyi L and Niu JL. Study on thermal function of ivy-covered walls. Dept of building services engineering, Hong Kong, 2000.
[26] Olivieri F, Olivieri L and Neila J. Experimental study of the thermal-energy performance of an insulated vegetal façade under summer conditions in a continental Mediterranean climate. Building and Environment., 2014, 77: 61-76.
[27] Pérez G, Rincón L, Vila A., González JM and Cabeza LF. Behaviour of green facades in Mediterranean Continental climate. Energy Conversion and Management., 2010, 52: 1861–1867.
[28] Yin H, Kong F, Middel A, Dronova I, Xu H and James P. Cooling effect of direct green façades during hot summer days: an observational study in Nanjing, China using TIR and 3DPC data. Building and Environment., 2017, 116: 195-206.
[29] Sunakorn P and Yimprayoon C. Thermal performance of biofacade with natural ventilation in the tropical climate. International Conference on Green Buildings and Sustainable Cities Procedia Engineering., 2011, Vol 34–41.
[30] Hoi M, Lam Y, Ip K and Miller A. Thermal shading effect of climbing plants on glazed facades. The World Sustainable Building Conference, Tokyo. September 27-29, 2005.
[31] Akbari H. Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants. Environmental Pollution., 2002, 116 : 119–126.
[32] Palmeri L, Barausse A and Jorgensen SE. Ecological Processes Handbook. CRC Press, 2017
Downloads
Published
2019-12-29
How to Cite
BENHALILOU, K.; ABDOU, S.; DJEDJIG, R. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF HYGROTHERMAL BEHAVIOR OF DIRECT GREEN FACADES UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATE. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, [S. l.], v. 12, n. 1, p. 213–229, 2019. DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v12i1.15. Disponível em: https://jfas.info/index.php/JFAS/article/view/718. Acesso em: 30 jan. 2025.
Issue
Section
Articles
Submissions
