THE GEOPHYSICAL ASSESSMENT OF GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATIONS FROM LEACHATE INTRUSION IN AMOYO DUMPSITE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v14i1.10Keywords:
Dumpsite; Leachate; Groundwater; VLF-EM; Electrical soundingAbstract
The work aims to map the extent of leachate intrusion in near-surface rocks around a reclaimed dumpsite (40 years old) in Amoyo town. Sixteen very low-frequency electromagnetic (VLF - EM) profiles were distributed in the four cardinal directions around the site. Twenty-nine (29) points were sounded, using Schlumberger approach, at all identified VLF anomalous points. The analyzed VLF-EM data revealed the presence of conductive pollutants (leachate plumes) at the subsurface. The geo-electric sections generated from the processed VES data supported the VLF-EM results. It is concluded that (i) leachate is still present in the rock formation of the reclaimed dumpsite several years after the abandonment and excavation of the waste materials (ii) the shallow aquifer is at risk of contamination (iii) the low resistivity of the basement rocks signified presence of leachates.
Downloads
References
Diersing W, Nancy F:"Water Quality: Frequently Asked Questions". PDA. N. O. A. A. http://floridakeys.noaa.gov/pdfs/wqfaq.pdf. Retrieved; 2009-08-24
Sunmonu L.A, Olafisoye, E.R, Adagunodo, T.A, Ojoawo. I.A. and Oladejo, O.P. Integrated Geophysical Survey In A Refuse Dumpsite Of Aarada, Ogbomoso, and Southwestern-Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP) ISSN: 2278-4861.Volume 2, Issue 5(Nov. -Dec. 2012), PP 11-20www.iosrjournals.org
Ramakrishnaiah CR, Sadashivaiah C, Ranganna G. Assessment of water quality index for groundwater in Tumkur Taluk, Kamataka state, India. E J Chem 6(2):523–530
Rizwan R, Gurdeep S. Assessment of groundwater quality status by using water quality index method in Orissa, India.World Appl Sci J 9(12):1392–1397
Ganiyu, S.A, Badmus, B.S, Oladunjoye, M.A, Aizebeokhai, A.P, Ozebo V.C, Idowu, O.A, and Olurin, O.T. Assessment of groundwater contamination around active dumpsite in Ibadan southwestern Nigeria using integrated electrical resistivity and hydrochemical methods. Environ Earth Sci (2016) 75:643. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5463-2
Raji, W.O, and Adeoye., T.O. Geophysical mapping of contaminant leachate around a reclaimed open dumpsite. Journal of King Saud University – Science (2017)29, 348–359. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2016.09.005
MacDonald, A.M., Bonsor, H.C., Dochartaigh, B.E.O., Taylor, R.G. A quantitative map of groundwater resource in Africa. Environ. Res. Lett. 7, 024009
Karlik, G., Kaya, A. Investigation of groundwater contamination using electric and electromagnetic methods at an open waste-disposal site: a case study from Isparta, Turkey. Environ. Geol. 40(6), 34–42
Ulrych, T.J, LimA, O.A, Sampaio, E.E. Search of plumes: a GPR odyssey in Brazil. In: The 64th annual international met. Society exploration geophysical SEG, Los Angeles, USA, 569-572
Jemmi. L, Muller. R, Green. A, Pugin. A, Huggenberger. P. Integrated studies of Swiss waste disposal sites: results from geo-radar and other geophysical surveys. In: The 5th international conference on ground penetrating radar (GPR ‘94). Kitchener, Ontario, pp 1261–1274
Atekwana, E.A, Sauck, W.A., Werkema, D.D. Investigation of geo-electrical signatures at a hydrocarbon-contaminated site. J. Appl. Geophys. 44:167-180
Orlando. L and Marchesi. E. Geo-radar as a tool to identify and characterize solid waste dumps deposits. J. Appl. Geophys. 48:168-174
Stanton, G.P., and Schrader, T.P. Surface geophysical investigation of a chemical-waste landfill in northwestern Arkansas. U.S. Geological Survey Karst Interest Group Proceedings. Kuniansky EL (Ed.), Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4011, pp.107–115.
Carpenter, P.J., Calkin, S.F., Kaufmann, R.S. Assessing a fractured landfill cover using electrical resistivity and seismic refraction techniques. Geophysics 56 (11), 1896–1904
Carpenter, P.J., Calkin, S.F., Kaufmann, R.S. Assessing a fractured landfill cover using electrical resistivity and seismic refraction techniques. Geophysics 56 (11), 1896–1904
Powers, C.J., Wilson, J., Haeni, F.P., Johnson, C.D. Surface geophysical investigation of University of Connecticut Landfill, Water Resources Investigations Report 99- 4211. U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey
Porsani, L., Filho, W.M., Ellis, V.R., Shimlis, J.D., Moura, H.P. The use of GRR & VES in delineating contamination plume in a landfill site. A case study in SE Brazil. J. Appl. Geophys. 155, 199–209.
Bernstone, C., Dahlin, T., Ohlsson, T., Hogland, W. DC-resistivity mapping of internal landfill structure: two pre-excavation surveys. Environ. Geol. 39, 3–4.
Dobrin, M.B. Introduction to Geophysical prospecting. McGraw-Hill Company, New York.
Zohdy, A.A.R. A new method for the automatic interpretation of Schlumberger and Wenner sounding curves. Geophysics 54 (2), 245–253. https://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442648.
Santos, M.F.A., Mateus, A., Figueiras, J., Gonclaves, M.A. Mapping groundwater contamination around a landfill facility using VLF-EM method – a case study. J. Appl. Geophys. 60, 115–125
Ajadi B.S., Adaramola, M.A., Adeniyi, A., and Abubakar, M.I. Effects of effluent discharge on Public Health in Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies & Management 9(4): 389 – 404, 2016. ISSN: 1998-0507. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v9i4.1
Oyegun, R.O. Water Resources in Kwara State. Matanmi and Sons Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd. Ilorin, pp: 113
Rahaman MA. Review of the basement geology of South-Western Nigeria. In: Kogbe CA(ed) Geology of Nigeria, 2nd edn., Elizabethan Publishers, Lagos, pp 41–58
Obaje N. G. Geology and Mineral Resources of Nigeria. ISSN 0930-0317ISBN 978-3-540-92684-9e-ISBN 978-3-540-92685-6DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-92685-6
Karous M, and Hjelt SE. Linear filtering of VLF dip-angle measurements. Geophysical Prospecting. 1983;(31):782–794
Sinha, A.K. Interpretation of ground VLF-EM data in terms of vertical conductor models. Mineral Resources Division, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Ont. K1A 0E8 Canada. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7142(90)90005-D
Karkkonen, P. and Sharma, S.P. Delineation of near surface structures using VLF-EM and VLF-R data: insight from the joint inversion results. Leading Edge Vol. 16: 1683-1686
McNeill, J.D., Labson, V. Geological mapping using VLF radiofields electromagnetic methods. In: Nabighian, M.N. (Ed.), . In:Applied Geophysics, vol. 2. SEG, Tulsa, OK, pp. 521–640
Pirttijarvi, M. Karous-Hjelt and Fraiser Filtering of VLF Measurements. KHFFILT Users’ Guide (2004).
Koefoed, O. Geo-sounding Principles, 1 – Resistivity Sounding Measurements. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1979)
Orelana, E.A., Mooney, H.M. Master Tables and Curves forVertical Electrical Sounding over Layered Structures. Intergencia,Madrid, p. 159
Alex, A.B., Igor, N.M., Vladimir, A.S.. Authomated and Semi-authomated Interpretation of Vertical Electrical Sounding and Induced Polarization Data obtained from A Variety of Popular Arrays used in Electrical Prospecting, IPI2Wi. Geological and Geophysical Department, Moscow State University
Musa, T.Y and Sikemi, A.O. Impact of groundwater samples and leachates from Gbagede dumpsite, Amoyo, Kwara State, Nigeria, on testes and prostate of male Wistar rats: A biochemical and histological study. DOI: 10.1111/and.13801
Worthington PF. Influence of matrix conduction upon hydro geophysical relationships in arenaceous aquifers. Water Resour. Res 13(1):87–92
Omosuyi GO, Adeyemo A, Adegoke AO. Investigation of Groundwater Prospect using Electromagnetic and Geoelectric Sounding at Afunbiowo, near Akure, Southwestern Nigeria
Bobachev, C. “IPI2Win: A Windows Software for an Automatic Interpretation of Resistivity Sounding Data,” PhD Thesis, Moscow State University, Russia, 2002.
Mokuolu, O.A., Jacob, S.O., Ayanshola, A.M. Groundwater quality assessment near a Nigerian dumpsite. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies & Management 10(5): 588 – 596, 2017. ISSN:1998-0507. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v10i5.3